Brookings Draft Projects $10.3 Trillion U.S. AI Infrastructure Buildout Through 2032

A new Brookings Papers on Economic Activity publication estimates that U.S. investment in AI data centers, power systems, networking and specialized chips could total $10.3 trillion from 2025 to 2032, or an average of 3.63% of U.S. GDP a year. The estimate turns the AI race into a question of physical capital as much as software: in the central scenario, the buildout is larger relative to the economy than earlier U.S. canal, railroad, electrification, highway and telecom cycles.